Island



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARVEY I. LEITH, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

BOTTLE.

`SPECIFIICJALION forming part of Letters Patent No. 505,469, dated September 26, 1893. Application filed December 31, 1892. Serial No. 456.870. (No model.)

.To all@ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARVEY I. LEITH, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Providence, in the county of Providence, State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bottles (Case No. 4,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements upon inventionssetforth in my former applications, namely, SerialNo. 425,098, filed March 16,1892; Serial No.435,879,filed June 7, 1892; Serial No. 446,409,filedSeptember21,1892,and especially upon the last named application, in which the tube is shown tting into the mouth of the bottle. I have found that the lips periphery and the mouth of bottles are not concentric, and therefore difficulty is found in equipping the bottle by the use of such a tube. One part of my invention is for the purpose of overcoming the objection. The other parts of the inventiomrelate to improved means for sealing on the cap; for closing the air conduit when one attempts tointroduce a liquid; and for indicating to the eye the introducing of liquids of different chemical types. All the details are exhibited in the following drawings.

Figure 1 and 2 are respectively vertical section and plan of a bottle-neck and tube there for. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a completely equipped device for carrying out the details of the invention, some portions being shown by an exterior view. Fig. 4 is an inverted plan of the cap itself. Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the valve. Fig. 6 is a plan of the valve. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a portion of the device shown mostlyin section in Fig. 3. Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are drawn to a different scale in order to exhibit the construction plainly. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a small portion of the complete device showing a modification of means for automatically closing the air conduit upon tampering with the device.

Referring tothe several figures, the device embodying my invention consists of the combination of a bottle cthavingathreaded neck b, and a mouth c; a cap cl, perforated and clamped to the bottle by a threaded collar e bent over a iiange f, and sealed to the bottle by a plastic cement g and by compressing the collar h into the indentationc' in the neck of the bottle; a metallic washerj and yielding or cork washer j between the cap and neck and respectively against the cap and neck; a tube la passing through the washers and extending from the interior of the bottle to the upper portion of the cap which is divided into two compartments by a washer Z located between an inward projection Z of the cap and a flange m of the said tube; a valve'nover the upper end of the tube lo carn rying a small metal plate o and a valve protector p, the said valve, plate and protector being located in the upper compartment, and the perforation t of the cap communicating between the upper compartment and exterior of the cap; asmall iiexible tube q, extending from the interior of the bottle through the tube lo and into the lower compartment of the cap; blocks r fitted into the lower compartment upon opposite sides of said tube q; and pieces of chemically prepared paper 1, 2, 3, 4 located within the lower compartment.

Other details are as followszOn the lower part of the flange f are grooves s radiating from the interior of the cap to the exterior thereof. The blocks fr, are conveniently placed respectively between the end of the tube q and the upper flange m and lower flange m of the tube lo. The papers 1, 2, 3 and 4 are saturated with respectively red litm us, blue litmus, cobaltic chloride and a mercurio compound, so that they will change color according as to whether there is introduced respectively an alkali, an acid or water or as to whether the bottle is heated so that the color of the mercurio compound is changed by the heat ;-for example, one might heat the bottle to destroy the valve n. The sealing material or wax g prevents any one from re-` moving the cap except by breaking the seal. d is a lip on the cap d, to catch drippings. When the bottle is inverted and shaken, the liquid contents will exit through the tube k, the holes t, in the valve o, and through the perforation u in the cap d. At the same time, air will enter all around the cap and between the fia-nge thereof, and the collar e, and along the grooves s, around the blocks fr, through the tube q and into the bottle to take the place of the liquid. Itis now evident that the purpose of the metal plate j is to prevent the small IOO grooves s from being stopped up asprobably would occur if the cork j pressed directly thereon. The cork washerj serves to close the mouth of the bottle outside of the tube 1. If any one attempts to introduce an adulterated liquid into the bottle through the perforation u, the Valve will remain closed: if through the tube k, the blocks o" of a substance eXpansible by liquids, will close the tube la on account of the pressure upon both sides thereof. Alkaline, acid Aand neutral aqueous solutions, it' introduced between the collar e and cap, will change the color of one or more of the papers 1,2, 8 and 4t, which will' therefore be a visible signal indicating that some one has-tampered with the bottle. The protectorpwhich is made of a smooth and very hard substance dedects a Vwire which may 'be inserted through the perforation u for puncturing the delicate membrane formingthe valve n.

Itis :preferable in -some cases to inserta yielding washer betweenthe flange f and-the collar e. This-is shown by 'u in Fig. 8. lIn such a case the soft metal collare would be turned down :under the threaded lip'of the bottleas indicated at w where air could enter into'the lower compartment which is lettered In the lastnamed ligure also, is shownl a modified-arrangement for the automatic air ventstopper. Av groove is made around the enlargedflip y of the bottle, and a block r similar to the blocks fr, is linserted -i'nsaid groove, between thelend of the short tube q andthe collane. When it Vbecomes wet,'it swells and covers tightly the opening ofthe tubeq.

In Figs. l and2 the tubecis'modied over that-in Fig. V3, in that it closes the mouth of the bottle by fitting tightly therein. The yeccentr-icity of the central opening ormouth with `regard to the periphery of the lip is compensated for by making the hole z eccentric with regard to the-tube k.

I claim-asmy invention-- 1. The combination of a bottle having a threaded lip or neck, a perforated cap located over the mouth of the bottle and having radial grooves in the lower part thereof and between itself and the bottle,a metallic or similar hard washer and a yielding washer located between the cap andV the bottle, a flange upon the end of the cap opposite the end containing the perforation, a threaded collar screwed upon the said lip and bent over the said flange, a seal connecting the collar to the bottle, the collar being partly compressed into an indentation in the said lip, the cap being divided into upper and lower compartments, a tube connecting the interior of the bottle with the upper compartment, from which it is separated by a valve, a tube passing partially through the first named tube from the interior of the bottle to the lower compartment, and blocks eXpansible by liquids fitting in the lower compartment and pressing upon opposite sides of the lastnamed tube.

2. The combination with the neck of a bottle of a yielding washer, placed over themouth thereof, a perfo-rated cap upon the washer, a tube passing through the washer and connecting the interior of the bottle withfthe interior of the cap,'avalve between the cap and bottle vand a seal yconnecting the cap vto the bottle.

3. The combination with a bottle,.of a cap covering the mouth thereof, and divided into vtwo compartments,a tube containing a-valve and connecting the upper compartment with the neck of the interior of -the bottle, an air conduit `connecti ng t'hevinterior of thebottle with the lower compartment which is open to the atmosphere, and chemically prepared substances, changeable in appearance under the influence of liquidsor heat, located in the lower compartment the upper compartment being open to the atmosphere.

4. The combinationwith the neckfofa-bottle of a perforated cap over the mouth thereof, and provided with a dan ge, a collar turned over the `flange, aseal connecting the collar to the-bottle, an air conduit, or passage leading from the outside atmosphere to the-interior of the bottle, chemically preparedfsubstances changeable under the influence of liquid or heat, located in the air conduit and a valve between the cap and the interior of the bottle.

In testimony-that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I have signedmy name, in presence of two witnesses, this 23d day of .December, 1892.

HARVEY I. LEITH.

lVitnesses:

STEPHEN O. EDWARDS, FREDERIC HAYES.

IOO 

